Lesson 1
What is
Educational Technology?
Educational Technology – is the application of technology in
the educative process that takes place in education institutions.
Technology in Education – is the application of technology in
the operation of education institutions.
Instructional Technology – it refers to aspects of educational
technology that are concerned with instructions.
Technology Integration – is using learning technologies to
introduce, supplement and extend skills.
Benefits from using Educational
Technology
1.
Increase
the quality of learning and the degree of its mastery through the use of
special effects of unique programming that are considered individualized, valid
and accessible.
2.
Decrease
the time spent in instruction for learners to achieve desired learning
objectives.
3.
Increase
efficiency of teachers.
4.
Reduce
educational cost without affecting quality of instruction.
Guidelines in using Educational
Technology
1.
Determine
the purpose for which the instructional materials are to be used.
2.
Define
the objectives to determine the appropriateness of the material.
3.
Know
the content of the material.
4.
Exercise
flexibility so that the materials satisfy different purposes.
5.
Consider/diversity/variety
of materials.
6.
Relate
materials to age, ability, maturity and interest of students.
7.
Arrange
the conditions so that the materials do not interrupt the momentum of the
lesson.
8.
Prepare
the students for what they will see, hear and do as lessons unfold.
9.
Operate
equipment needed for efficient use.
10. Summarize experiences gained and
follow up with further relevant discussion.
11. Evaluate the results of the use
materials together with the instructional process, to determine effectiveness.
Why use Media in
instruction?
Methods
of teaching are instructional techniques that facilitate learning while
Media
are the means of
implementing those methods.
Commonly used
media/materials for instruction
1.
Print media/materials – considered to be the most dominant
and the primary means of communicating subject matter to students. (the
principal aid to teaching and learning)
Examples
of Print Media/Materials:
-
Books
-
Textbooks
-
Periodicals
such as newspapers, magazines, journals, handouts, manuals
2.
Still pictures and graphics – useful means of expressing ideas;
employ lines, patterns, colors and shades to convey information
Examples:
-
Pictures
-
Graphics
such as maps, diagrams, charts/graphs, tables, posters and cartoons
-
Visual
display devices such as chalkboards, whiteboard, magnetic board, bulletin
boards
-
Projection
devices such as slide and film-strip projectors, opaque projectors and
over-head projectors
3.
Sound recordings and radio
-
Phonograph
records
-
Audiotapes
-
Compact
disc
-
Radio
4.
Film and television
5.
Video recording
-
Videotapes
and discs
-
Cables
and satellites
-
Camcorders
6.
Computer-Based Learning (CBL) – enables the students to study
almost anytime and convenient locations and with varying ability levels;
provides multimedia, interactive instruction, practice and testing that in turn
helps teachers further in terms of diagnosis and guidance. (computer software)
7.
The Web
General Principles/Criteria for
Selection of Instructional Materials
1.
Appropriateness
– materials must catch the general and specific objectives of the lessons; must
be appropriate to the:
-
Difficulty
of concepts taught
-
Vocabulary
level of students
-
Methods
used in teaching
-
Interest
of learners
2.
Authenticity
– materials must present accurate, up-to-date, and reliable information.
3.
Interest
and appeal to users – materials must have the power to catch the interest of
users, motivate them for learning and stimulate.
4.
Organizations
and balance – materials must be very clear, well-organized, logically
sequenced.
5.
Cost
effectiveness/economy – materials used must be relative to the cost of other
similar materials, their durability, and the number of student-users.
6.
Breadth
– the scope of materials must suit many different types of learners and
learning purposes.
The Commandments for Creating Learning
Materials
1.
Do
not overcrowd.
2.
Be
consistent.
3.
Use
appropriate typefaces and point use.
4.
Use
bold and italics for emphasis, but don’t overuse them.
5.
Use
titles, headings and subheadings to clarify and guide.
6.
Use
numbers to direct through sequences.
7.
Use
graphics and illustrations to reinforce ideas.
8.
Use
symbols and icons as identifying markers.
9.
Use
color/video/audio/music to stimulate but do not to overpower the senses.
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